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Python Program to Solve Quadratic Equation


Tutorialsrack 22/04/2020 Python

In this Python Program, we will learn how to Solve Quadratic Equation. 

What is the Quadratic Equation?

In algebra, a quadratic equation is an equation that can be rearranged in standard form as

ax²+bx+c = 0

where x represents an unknown, and a, b, and c represent known numbers, where a ≠ 0. If a = 0, then the equation is linear, not quadratic, as there is no ax2 term. The numbers a, b, and c are the coefficients of the equation and may be distinguished by calling them, respectively, the quadratic coefficient, the linear coefficient, and the constant or free term.

A Quadratic Equation has at most two solutions, and they depend entirely upon the discriminant. If the discriminant > 0, then two distinct real roots exist for this equation. If discriminant = 0, two equal and real roots exist. Or if discriminant < 0, two distinct complex roots exist.

Here is the source code of the program to calculate the roots of a Quadratic Equation.

Program 1
# Python Program to Solve Quadratic Equation
# Solve the quadratic equation ax**2 + bx + c = 0

# Import complex math module
import cmath

a = 1
b = -7
c = 12

# To take coefficient input from the user
# a = float(input('Enter the Value of a: '))
# b = float(input('Enter the Value of b: '))
# c = float(input('Enter the Value of c: ')) 

# calculate the discriminant
d = (b**2) - (4*a*c)

# find two solutions
sol1 = (-b-cmath.sqrt(d))/(2*a)
sol2 = (-b+cmath.sqrt(d))/(2*a)

print('The solution is {0} and {1}'.format(sol1,sol2))
Output

The solution is (3+0j) and (4+0j)

Another way to calculate the Quadratic Equation

Program 2
# Python Program to Solve Quadratic Equation

# Import Module
import math

a = 1
b = -7
c = 12

# To take coefficient input from the user
# a = float(input("Enter the Value of a: "))
# b = float(input("Enter the Value of b: "))
# c = float(input("Enter the Value of c: ")) 

discriminant = (b * b) - (4 * a * c)

if(discriminant > 0):
    root1 = (-b + math.sqrt(discriminant) / (2 * a))
    root2 = (-b - math.sqrt(discriminant) / (2 * a))
    print("Two Distinct Real Roots Exists: root1 = %.2f and root2 = %.2f" %(root1, root2))
elif(discriminant == 0):
    root1 = root2 = -b / (2 * a)
    print("Two Equal and Real Roots Exists: root1 = %.2f and root2 = %.2f" %(root1, root2))
elif(discriminant < 0):
    root1 = root2 = -b / (2 * a)
    imaginary = math.sqrt(-discriminant) / (2 * a)
    print("Two Distinct Complex Roots Exists: root1 = %.2f+%.2f and root2 = %.2f-%.2f" %(root1, imaginary, root2, imaginary))
Output

Two Distinct Real Roots Exists: root1 = 7.50 and root2 = 6.50

In the above program, we import the cmath module to perform complex square root. 

First, we need to calculate the discriminant and then find the two solutions of the quadratic equation.


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